Van Vechten, Carl

(born June 17, 1880, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, U.S.—died Dec. 21, 1964, New York City) U.S. novelist and music and drama critic, an influential figure in New York literary circles in the 1920s; he was an early enthusiast for the culture of U.S. blacks.

Van Vechten was graduated from the University of Chicago in 1903 and worked as assistant music critic for The New York Times (1906–08), then as that paper's Paris correspondent. His elegant, sophisticated novels, Peter Whiffle, His Life and Works (1922), The Tattooed Countess (1924), and Nigger Heaven (1926), were very popular. He also wrote extensively on music and published an autobiography, Sacred and Profane Memories (1932), following which he vowed to write no more and to devote his time to photography. His extensive collection of books on black Americana, the James Weldon Johnson Memorial Collection of Negro Arts and Letters, is now at Yale University. He also established the Carl Van Vechten Collection at the New York City Public Library and a collection of music and musical literature (music books) at Fisk University, Nashville, Tenn.